The Sustainable Eco-Economic Development of Kazakhstan through Improving Transport and Energy Sector

Abstract

The sustainable development of the country is directly related to its ecological and economic state forming complex eco-economic system. It has been paid attention to the problem of CO2 emissions through the improving energy and transport sectors as they have the greatest impact on the eco-economic development of the country. The road transport in Kazakhstan is one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide emission in the country. Big cities in Kazakhstan suffer from the problem. Nowadays Kazakhstan is included in the list of top-10 most toxic countries and there is an urgent need to improve the situation. The work is aimed to identify the major factors influencing CO2 emission in Kazakhstan in the transport and energy sector and consider further improving activity to reduce the negative impact on the sustainable eco-economic development of the country. Identifying of main factors affecting the amount of CO2 emitted may help to find out the necessary resolutions. Currently most vehicles exploiting in Kazakhstan were produced more than ten years ago and usually, most of them were purchased abroad. These automobiles emit a huge amount of CO2 into the atmosphere. The findings reveal that it depends mostly on the vehicle ownership and the economic growth. To reach sustainable eco-economic development it is important to find out ways and opportunities to improve transport and energy sector activity and to mitigate CO2 emissions.